A Study to Assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Prevention of Breast Cancer among women Living in selected Rural Area at Wankaner
Asma Kadivar1, Amutha K.2, Jeenath Justin Doss K.3
1Ⅱ Year M.Sc. Nursing Obstetric and Gynecology, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing,
Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/H Shainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot.
2Guide, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/H Shainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot.
3Principal, Shri Anand Institute of Nursing Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/H Shainik Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: asmakadivar98@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
A study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer among women living in selected rural area at Wankaner. The objectives of the study was (a) To assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer among women living in selected rural area. (b) To evaluate the effectiveness of STP on prevention of breast cancer of knowledge regarding among women living in selected rural area. (c) To find out the association between selected demographic variables and Pre-test level of knowledge on prevention of breast cancer among women living in selected rural area. The research design adopted was One Group Pre-test & Post-test design. The study had been conducted in selected rural area at Wankaner. Non probability sampling technique had been adopted to select the desired samples. The sample size was 40. As a part of intervention, a STP on knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer was provided to women for 30 minutes and the data was collected by structured interview with set of questionnaires that is administered to assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer among women living in selected rural area. The data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistical method paired “t” test was used to evaluating the effectiveness of STP on knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer. The obtained value 10.25, which shows highly significant at the level of p<0.05. There is significant association between demographic variables such as profession, family history of breast cancer and previous knowledge of breast cancer with pretest level of knowledge on prevention of breast cancer. The study concluded that the STP was effectiveness in improving of knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer.
KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Prevention of breast cancer, Women.
INTRODUCTION:
“Knowing a great deal is not the same as being smart; intelligence is not information alone but also judgment, the manner in which information is collected and used.”-
Dr. Carl Sagan
Breast Cancer is frequently recognized as a hard lump in the breast that was not present before. It may also present with bloody discharge from nipples, but be warned that the commonest cause of bloody discharge from nipples in not Breast Cancer.1
Seven way to prevent Breast Cancer, 1. Keep weight in check, It’s easy to tune out because it gets said so often, but maintaining a healthy weight is an important goal for everyone. Being overweight can increase the risk of many different cancers, including Breast Cancer, especially after menopause. 2. Be physically active exercise, is as close to a silver bullet for good health as there is, and Women who are physically active for at least 30 minutes a day have a lower risk of Breast Cancer. Regular exercise is also one of the best ways to help keep weight in check. 3. eat your fruits and vegetables, a healthy diet can help lower the risk of Breast Cancer. 4. Breastfeed, if possible, breast feeding for a total of one year or more (combined for all children) lowers the risk of Breast Cancer. It also has great health benefits for the child. 5. Avoid birth control pills, birth control pills have both risks and benefits. The younger a woman is, the lower the risks are. While Women are taking birth control pills, they have a slightly increased risk of Breast Cancer. This risk goes away quickly, though, after stopping the pill. The risk of stroke and heart attack is also increased while on the pill – particularly if a woman smokes. However, long-term use can also have important benefits, like lowering the risk of ovarian cancer, colon cancer and uterine cancer – not to mention unwanted pregnancy – so there’s also a lot in its favour. If you’re very concerned about Breast Cancer, avoiding birth control pills is one option to lower risk. 6. Find Out Your Family History, Women with a strong family history of cancer can take special steps to protect themselves, so it’s important for Women to know their family history. You may be at high risk of Breast Cancer if you have a mother or sister who developed breast or ovarian cancer (especially at an early age) or if you have multiple family members (including males) who developed breast, ovarian or prostate cancer. A doctor or genetic counselor can help you understand your family history of the disease.2
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Breast Cancer is the most common cause of cancer in Women and second most common cause of cancer death in Women in India. Heightened awareness of Breast Cancer risk in the past decades has led to an increase in the number of Women undergoing mammography for screening, leading to detection of cancers in earlier stages and a resultant improvement in survival rates. Still, Breast Cancer is the most common cause of death in Women between the ages of 45 and 55. Worldwide among Women, Breast Cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality, with Breast Cancer accounting for 16% of cancer cases in adult Women. There is sufficient evidence to show that mammography screening among Women aged 50 – 69 years could reduce mortality from Breast Cancer by 15 – 25%. A 2010 study conducted by the International Association of Cancer Research, based in Lyon, France, projected that there would be 250 000 cases of Breast Cancer in India by 2015, a 3% increase per year. Currently, India reports roughly 100 000 new cases annually.3
In India, the average age of developing a Breast Cancer has undergone a significant shift over last few decades. 25 years back, out of every 100 Breast Cancer patients, 2% were in 20 to 30 years age group, 7% were in 30 to 40 and so on. 69% of the patients were above 50 years of age. Presently, 4% are in 20 to 30 yrs age group, 16% are in 30 to 40, 28% are in 40 to 50 age group. So, almost 48% patients are below 50. An increasing numbers of patients are in the 25 to 40 years of age. (Dr. Sumeet Shah, ICMR)4
Research studies have shown that Breast Cancer is a major public health problem. Education / awareness campaign, improvement of socio-economic conditions, better access to diagnostic resources, availability of higher standards of health care, use of breast self-examination and screening mammography if implemented nationally, will go a long way towards increasing easily diagnosis and improved survival rates.5 This provided an enthusiasm in selecting this topic and to create awareness in Women having the proverb in mind “Prevention is better than cure.” Therefore, the investigator felt need to administer a planned teaching programme to improve the Knowledge regarding Prevention of Breast Cancer among Women living in rural area.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1. To assess the level of Knowledge regarding Prevention of Breast Cancer among Women living in selected rural area at Wankaner.
3. To find out the association between selected social demographic variable and their pre-test level of Knowledge regarding Prevention of Breast Cancer among Women living in selected rural area at Wankaner.
HYPOTHESES:
H1: There will be significant difference between the pre test and post test levels of Knowledge regarding Prevention of Breast Cancer among women living in rural area at Wankaner.
H2: There will be significant association between their selected demographic variables and their pre-test level of Knowledge regarding Prevention of Breast Cancer among women living in rural area at Wankaner.
MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:
RESEARCH APPROACH:
Quantitative research approach.
RESEARCH DESIGN:
Pre experimental one group pretest posttest design
VARIABLES UNDER THE STUDY:
The variables under the study were independent variable and dependent variables.
Independent variable:
Structure teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer.
Dependent variable:
Knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer among women.
SETTING OF THE STUDY:
Setting is the physical location and condition in which data collection take place. The study was conducted in Pipaliya raj at Wankaner.
The criteria for selected the setting were geographical proximity, feasibility of conducted the study and availability of samples.
Written permission was obtained from the primary health centre Pipaliya raj at Wankaner.
POPULATION:
· Target population: Women living in selected rural area, at. Wankaner
· Accessible population: Women who was available at the time of data collection in selected rural area, at Wankaner.
SAMPLE:
The sample of the study comprised the women living in rural area.
SAMPLE SIZE:
The sample size of the study comprised of 40 women living in rural area.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
Convenient sample technique was used to select the sample for the study
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION:
The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
RESULT:
MAJOR FINDING OF THE STUDY:
Major study findings includes,
Findings related to demographic variables of the study
1. The majority of 14(35%) samples age is between 18-28 yrs.
2. The majority of 13(32.5%) samples are higher education.
3. The majority of 16(40%) samples are married.
4. The majority of 18(45%) samples are housewife.
5. The majority of 27(67.5%) samples are no family history of breast cancer.
6. The majority of 32(80%) samples are previous Knowledge on Prevention of breast cancer.
The Comparison difference between the pretest and post-test level of Knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer, the mean score of pretest level of Knowledge 13.65 and SD value was 4.97. The mean score of post-test level of Knowledge was 23.90 and the SD value was 3.73. The Mean difference was 10.25. The obtained’ value t=10.25 which was highly significant at p<0.001 level (df =39, table value was p=2.05). Hence, there is significant difference between the pretest and post-test level of Knowledge regarding prevention of breast cancer among women living in rural areas. There fore the researcher rejected null hypothesis.
The analysis report of the table explains that demographic variables such as age,, educational status, marital status, profession, family history of Breast Cancer and previous Knowledge Prevention of Breast Cancer about Prevention of Breast Cancer has obtained x2 value above the level of tabulated value at the level of 0.05. Thus, hypothesis H2 is accepted. So, it is indicate that there is association between the demographic variables and Knowledge regarding the Prevention of Breast Cancer.
CONCLUSION:
This study was conducted to assess the level of Knowledge regarding Prevention of breast cancer among women living in selected rural area at wankaner. The conveint sampling technique used for sample selection. The pre test finding of the study suggested that there was a need for Structured Teaching Programme regarding the Prevention of breast cancer among women living in selected rural area at wankaner. Thus, the researcher concluded that the Structured Teaching Programme on prevention of breast cancer for women was feasible and effective in increasing the Knowledge among prevention of breast cancer.
1. Brunner and Suddarth’s, Text Book of Medical Surgical Nursing 11thEdition, 2008, Lippincott Publication 1706-1710.
2. Karen Hassey Dow, Pocket Guide to Breast Cancer, Milleneous Edition London., Jones and Bartlett Publishers., 2003., Pp 6-8.
3. Lois White, Gena Duncan, Medical Surgical Nursing., Australia., Delmar Publication., 2002, Pp 816-854.
4. Luckman’s, Core Principles and Practice of Medical Surgical Nursing,1stedition; 2003, Philadelphia., W.B. Saunder’s Company, Pp 1418-1422.
5. Pricilla Lemons, Karen Burkae., Medical Surgical Nursing, Chandigarh Dorling Kindersely Publications., 2008, Pp 1829-1830
Received on 28.01.2023 Modified on 08.02.2023
Accepted on 20.02.2023 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
Int. J. of Advances in Nur. Management. 2023; 11(2):110-112.
DOI: 10.52711/2454-2652.2023.00026